High expression rates of human islet amyloid polypeptide induce endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated β-cell apoptosis, a characteristic of humans with type 2 but not type 1 diabetes

被引:342
作者
Huang, Chang-jiang
Lin, Chia-yu
Haataja, Leena
Gurlo, Tatyana
Butler, Alexandra E.
Rizza, Robert A.
Butler, Peter C. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Larry Hillblom Islet Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
[2] Mayo Med Coll, Endocrine Res Unit, Rochester, MN USA
关键词
D O I
10.2337/db07-0197
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Objective-Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced apoptosis may be a common cause of cell attrition in diseases characterized by misfolding and oligomerisation of amyloidogenic proteins. The islet in type 2 diabetes is characterized by islet amyloid derived from islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) and increased beta-cell apoptosis. We questioned the following: 1) whether IAPP-induced beta-cell apoptosis is mediated by ER stress and 2) whether beta-cells in type 2 diabetes are characterized by ER stress. Research design and methods-The mechanism of IAPP-induced apoptosis was investigated in INS-1 cells and human IPP (HIP) transgenic rats. ER stress in humans was investigated by beta-cell C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) expression in 7 lean nondiabetic, 12 obese nondiabetic, and 14 obese type 2 diabetic human pancreata obtained at autopsy. To assure specificity for type 2 diabetes, we also examined pancreata from eight cases of type 1 diabetes. Results-IAPP induces beta-cell apoptosis by ER stress in INS-1 cells and HIP rats. Perinuclear CHOP was rare in lean nondiabetic (2.6 +/- 2.0%) and more frequent in obese nondiabetic (14.6 +/- 3.0%) and obese diabetic (18.5 +/- 3.6%) pancreata. Nuclear CHOP was not detected in lean nondiabetic and rare in obese nondiabetic (0.08 +/- 0.04%) but six times higher (P < 0.01) in obese diabetic (0.49 +/- 0.17%) pancreata. In type 1 diabetic pancreata, perinuclear CHOP was rare (2.5 +/- 2.3%) and nuclear CHOP not detected. Conclusions-ER stress is a mechanism by which IAPP induces beta-cell apoptosis and is characteristic of beta-cells in humans with type 2 diabetes but not type 1 diabetes. These findings are consistent with a role of protein misfolding in beta-cell apoptosis in type 2 diabetes.
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页码:2016 / 2027
页数:12
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