Evolutionary dynamics of Clostridium difficile over short and long time scales

被引：285

作者：

He, Miao ^{[1
]}

Sebaihia, Mohammed ^{[1
]}

Lawley, Trevor D. ^{[1
]}

Stabler, Richard A. ^{[2
]}

Dawson, Lisa F. ^{[2
]}

Martin, Melissa J. ^{[2
]}

Holt, Kathryn E. ^{[1
]}

Seth-Smith, Helena M. B. ^{[1
]}

Quail, Michael A. ^{[1
]}

Rance, Richard ^{[1
]}

Brooks, Karen ^{[1
]}

Churcher, Carol ^{[1
]}

Harris, David ^{[1
]}

Bentley, Stephen D. ^{[1
]}

Burrows, Christine ^{[1
]}

Clark, Louise ^{[1
]}

Corton, Craig ^{[1
]}

Murray, Vicky ^{[1
]}

Rose, Graham ^{[1
]}

Thurston, Scott ^{[1
]}

van Tonder, Andries ^{[1
]}

Walker, Danielle ^{[1
]}

Wren, Brendan W. ^{[2
]}

Dougan, Gordon ^{[1
]}

Parkhill, Julian ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Hinxton CB10 1SA, Cambs, England

[2] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect & Trop Dis, London WC1E 7HT, England

来源：

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | 2010年 / 107卷 / 16期

基金：

英国惠康基金;

关键词：

homologous recombination; horizontal gene transfer; single nucleotide polymorphism; BACTERIAL; SEQUENCE; MICROEVOLUTION; RECOMBINATION; DIVERGENCE; EMERGENCE; ALGORITHM; RESISTANT; INFERENCE; EPIDEMIC;

D O I：

10.1073/pnas.0914322107

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Clostridium difficile has rapidly emerged as the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrheal disease, with the transcontinental spread of various PCR ribotypes, including 001, 017, 027 and 078. However, the genetic basis for the emergence of C. difficile as a human pathogen is unclear. Whole genome sequencing was used to analyze genetic variation and virulence of a diverse collection of thirty C. difficile isolates, to determine both macro and microevolution of the species. Horizontal gene transfer and large-scale recombination of core genes has shaped the C. difficile genome over both short and long time scales. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrates C. difficile is a genetically diverse species, which has evolved within the last 1.1-85 million years. By contrast, the disease-causing isolates have arisen from multiple lineages, suggesting that virulence evolved independently in the highly epidemic lineages.

引用

页码：7527 / 7532

页数：6

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