The small-signal alpha-parameter of a semiconductor Mach-Zehnder modulator depends on the device design and on the bias and modulation voltages applied to the two independent drive electrodes. In particular, for the range of applied voltages which correspond to switching the modulator from the off state to the on state, the alpha-parameter varies significantly. Effective, large-signal alpha-parameters provide a convenient and concise description of the modulator chirp. For a multiple quantum well Mach-Zehnder modulator, a comparison is made between four effective alpha-parameters; a transmission performance alpha-parameter, an on/off alpha-parameter, a 3 dB alpha-parameter and a chirp alpha-parameter. Both conventional and phase-shifted modulators are considered.