Gene delivery using herpes simplex virus vectors

被引:65
作者
Burton, EA
Fink, DJ
Glorioso, JC
机构
[1] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Mol Genet & Biochem, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
[2] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
[3] Univ Oxford, Dept Clin Neurol, Oxford OX1 2JD, England
[4] VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, CRECC, Pittsburgh, PA USA
关键词
D O I
10.1089/104454902762053864
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a neurotropic DNA virus with many favorable properties as a gene delivery vector. HSV is highly infectious, so HSV vectors are efficient vehicles for the delivery of exogenous genetic material to cells. Viral replication is readily disrupted by null mutations in immediate early genes that in vitro can be complemented in trans, enabling straightforward production of high-titre pure preparations of nonpathogenic vector. The genome is large (152 Kb) and many of the viral genes are dispensable for replication in vitro, allowing their replacement with large or multiple transgenes. Latent infection with wild-type virus results in episomal viral persistence in sensory neuronal nuclei for the duration of the host lifetime. Transduction with replication-defective vectors causes a latent-like infection in both neural and non-neural tissue; the vectors are non-pathogenic, unable to reactivate and persist long-term. The latency active promoter complex can be exploited in vector design to achieve long-term stable transgene expression in the nervous system. HSV vectors transduce a broad range of tissues because of the wide expression pattern of the cellular receptors recognized by the virus. Increasing understanding of the processes involved in cellular entry has allowed preliminary steps to be taken towards targeting the tropism of HSV vectors. Using replication-defective HSV vectors, highly encouraging results have emerged from recent pre-clinical studies on models of neurological disease, including glioma, peripheral neuropathy, chronic pain and neurodegeneration. Consequently, HSV vectors encoding appropriate transgenes to tackle these pathogenic processes are poised to enter clinical trials.
引用
收藏
页码:915 / 936
页数:22
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