Long-term carbon budget of the above-ground parts of a young hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) stand

The carbon budget of the above-ground parts of a young hinoki (Chamaetyparis obtusa) stand was analyzed over a 4-year period to evaluate trends in changes in carbon use efficiency and growth conversion (biosynthetic) efficiency with stand development. Litter production of the stand was estimated from the stem cross-sectional area at the crown base. A biomass increment was estimated using the stem volume of individual trees in the stand, measured at monthly intervals. Net production, estimated from litter production and the biomass increment, was 7.40, 8.44, 8.45 and 8.29 Mg C ha(-1) year(-1) for Years I-IV, respectively. The respiration rate of the entire above-ground parts of selected sample trees were measured at monthly intervals using the enclosed whole-tree method. The Q, value of respiration decreased with increasing air temperature. Respiration rate was partitioned into growth and maintenance components using a two-component functional model. The maintenance respiration coefficient increased in the following order: winter, spring, autumn and summer. The maintenance respiration coefficient also decreased with either stand development or age for all seasons. The growth respiration coefficient, which did not vary with stand development, was 0.69 +/- 0.08 (mean +/- SE), 0.61 +/- 0.03, 0.54 +/- 0.03 and 0.67 +/- 0.07 g C g(-1) C for winter, spring, summer and autumn, respectively. The growth conversion efficiency of the stand was 0.76, 0.72, 0.72 and 0.75 for Years I-IV, respectively. Carbon use efficiency was estimated to be 0.58, 0.57, 0.54 and 0.53 for Years I-IV, respectively. The hypothesis that respiration reduces productivity in old stands could not be validated for this hinoki stand.