Characterization of anatomical and functional connectivity in the brain: A complex networks perspective

被引:151
作者
Stam, C. J. [1 ]
机构
[1] Vrije Univ Amsterdam Med Ctr, Dept Clin Neurophysiol, Amsterdam, Netherlands
关键词
Graph theory; 'Small-world' networks; 'Scale-free' networks; Resting-state; 'Complexity; Synchronization; GRAPH-THEORETICAL ANALYSIS; SMALL-WORLD; MODULAR ORGANIZATION; STRUCTURAL NETWORKS; SCALE-FREE; ARCHITECTURE; FREQUENCY; PATTERNS; AREAS; EEG;
D O I
10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2010.06.024
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
010107 [宗教学];
摘要
A central question in modern neuroscience is how anatomical and functional connections between brain areas are organized to allow optimal information Processing. In particular, both segregation and integration of information have to be dealt with in a single architecture of brain networks. There is strong evidence that synchronization of neural activity, both locally and between distant region is a crucial code for functional interactions. However, a powerful theoretical framework to describe the structural and functional topology of system-wide brain networks has only become available with the discovery of 'small-world' and 'scale-free' networks in 1998 and 1999. There is now strong evidence that brain networks, ranging from simple nets of interconnected neurons up to macroscopic networks of brain areas display the typical features of complex systems: high clustering, short path lengths (both typical of 'small-world' networks), skewed degree distributions, presence of hubs, assortative mixing and the presence of modules. This has been demonstrated for anatomical and functional networks using neuroanatomical techniques, EEG, MEG and structural and functional MRI, in organisms ranging from C. elegans to man. In addition, network topology has been shown to be highly heritable, and very predictive of cognitive functioning. A short path length, which implies that from any area in the brain any other area can be reached in a small number of steps, is strongly correlated with IQ. Computational models are now beginning to reveal how the complex structure of adult brain networks could arise during development. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:186 / 194
页数:9
相关论文
共 85 条
[1]
A resilient, low-frequency, small-world human brain functional network with highly connected association cortical hubs [J].
Achard, S ;
Salvador, R ;
Whitcher, B ;
Suckling, J ;
Bullmore, ET .
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE, 2006, 26 (01) :63-72
[2]
Efficiency and cost of economical brain functional networks [J].
Achard, Sophie ;
Bullmore, Edward T. .
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY, 2007, 3 (02) :174-183
[3]
Emergence of scaling in random networks [J].
Barabási, AL ;
Albert, R .
SCIENCE, 1999, 286 (5439) :509-512
[4]
Synchronization in small-world systems [J].
Barahona, M ;
Pecora, LM .
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 2002, 89 (05) :054101/1-054101/4
[5]
The architecture of complex weighted networks [J].
Barrat, A ;
Barthélemy, M ;
Pastor-Satorras, R ;
Vespignani, A .
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2004, 101 (11) :3747-3752
[6]
Barrat A., 2008, Dynamical Processes on Complex Networks
[7]
Gamma, alpha, delta, and theta oscillations govern cognitive processes [J].
Basar, E ;
Basar-Eroglu, C ;
Karakas, S ;
Schürmann, M .
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY, 2001, 39 (2-3) :241-248
[8]
Cognitive fitness of cost-efficient brain functional networks [J].
Bassett, Danielle S. ;
Bullmore, Edward T. ;
Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas ;
Apud, Jose A. ;
Weinberger, Daniel R. ;
Coppola, Richard .
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2009, 106 (28) :11747-11752
[9]
Small-world brain networks [J].
Bassett, Danielle Smith ;
Bullmore, Edward T. .
NEUROSCIENTIST, 2006, 12 (06) :512-523
[10]
Adaptive reconfiguration of fractal small-world human brain functional networks [J].
Bassettt, Danielle S. ;
Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas ;
Achard, Sophie ;
Duke, Thomas ;
Bullmore, Edward T. .
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2006, 103 (51) :19518-19523