Monte Carlo computation of correlation times of independent relaxation modes at criticality

We investigate aspects of the universality of Glauber critical dynamics in two dimensions. We compute the critical exponent z and numerically corroborate its universality for three different models in the static Ising universality class and for five independent relaxation modes. We also present evidence for universality of amplitude ratios, which shows that, as far as dynamic behavior is concerned, each model in a given universality class is characterized by a single nonuniversal metric factor which determines the overall time scale. This paper also discusses in detail the variational and projection methods that are used to compute relaxation times with high accuracy.