Assessment of methane emissions from the US oil and gas supply chain

被引：640

作者：

Alvarez, Ramon A. ^{[1
]}

Zavala-Araiza, Daniel ^{[1
]}

Lyon, David R. ^{[1
]}

Allen, David T. ^{[2
]}

Barkley, Zachary R. ^{[3
]}

Brandt, Adam R. ^{[4
]}

Davis, Kenneth J. ^{[3
]}

Herndon, Scott C. ^{[5
]}

Jacob, Daniel J. ^{[6
]}

Karion, Anna ^{[7
]}

Kort, Eric A. ^{[8
]}

Lamb, Brian K. ^{[9
]}

Lauvaux, Thomas ^{[3
]}

Maasakkers, Joannes D. ^{[6
]}

Marchese, Anthony J. ^{[10
]}

Omara, Mark ^{[1
]}

Pacala, Stephen W. ^{[11
]}

Peischl, Jeff ^{[12
,13
]}

Robinson, Allen L. ^{[14
]}

Shepson, Paul B. ^{[15
]}

Sweeney, Colm ^{[13
]}

Townsend-Small, Amy ^{[16
]}

Wofsy, Steven C. ^{[6
]}

Hamburg, Steven P.

机构：

[1] Environm Def Fund, Austin, TX 78701 USA

[2] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA

[3] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA

[4] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[5] Aerodyne Res Inc, Billerica, MA USA

[6] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA

[7] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA

[8] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA

[9] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA

[10] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA

[11] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA

[12] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA

[13] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA

[14] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA

[15] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA

[16] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA

来源：

SCIENCE | 2018年 / 361卷 / 6398期

关键词：

NATURAL-GAS; UNITED-STATES; WELL PADS; INFRASTRUCTURE; LEAKAGE;

D O I：

10.1126/science.aar7204

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Methane emissions from the U.S. oil and natural gas supply chain were estimated by using ground-based, facility-scale measurements and validated with aircraft observations in areas accounting for similar to 30% of U.S. gas production. When scaled up nationally, our facility-based estimate of 2015 supply chain emissions is 13 +/- 2 teragrams per year, equivalent to 2.3% of gross U.S. gas production. This value is similar to 60% higher than the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency inventory estimate, likely because existing inventory methods miss emissions released during abnormal operating conditions. Methane emissions of this magnitude, per unit of natural gas consumed, produce radiative forcing over a 20-year time horizon comparable to the CO2 from natural gas combustion. Substantial emission reductions are feasible through rapid detection of the root causes of high emissions and deployment of less failure-prone systems.

引用

页码：186 / 188

页数：3

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