High-monounsaturated fat, olive oil-rich diet has effects similar to a high-carbohydrate diet on easting and postprandial state and metabolic profiles of patients with type 2 diabetes

Obesity and insulin resistance are considered important links underlying the development of hypertension. In Caucasians, there have been many reports of an association between insulin resistance and hypertension. However, this relationship is not consistently found in other ethnic groups. In this study, we examined the involvement of insulin resistance (assessed as fasting insulin-glucose product, FIGP) and general and central obesity as potential links in the development of hypertension in 413 normoglycemic Hong Kong Chinese (56.9% hypertensive) subjects. Anthropometric parameters (waist circumference [WC], waist-to-hip ratio [WHR], body mass index [BMI]), surrogate measures of insulin resistance (fasting plasma glucose, insulin, FIGP), fasting lipids and systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure were measured. Both male and female hypertensives were more obese and dyslipidemic, and the fem ales had higher indices of insulin resistance than the normotensive subjects of the same gender. Before adjustment for age, gender, and adiposity, FIGP correlated with SEP in the total (r = .19, P = .009) and low BMI (r = .23, P < .05) and low WHR (r = .25, P < .01) groups. However, after adjustment, there was no significant relationship between FIGP and blood pressure. In contrast, BMI and WC were strongly associated with blood pressure (r greater than or equal to .41, P < .001 for both DBP and SEP in the total population), although in the group with general obesity, the strength of the relationship was weaker (r <greater than or equal to> .13). These relationships persisted after adjustment for age, gender, and FIGP. Obesity, therefore, appears to have a predominant role compared with insulin resistance in determining blood pressure in these normoglycemic Chinese. Copyright (C) 2000 by W.B. Saunders Company.