Characterization of a fish antimicrobial peptide: Gene expression, subcellular localization, and spectrum of activity

被引:125
作者
Cole, AM
Darouiche, RO
Legarda, D
Connell, N
Diamond, G
机构
[1] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Dept Anat Cell Biol & Injury Sci, Newark, NJ 07103 USA
[2] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Newark, NJ 07103 USA
[3] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Infect Dis Sect, Houston, TX USA
[4] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Grad Sch Biomed Sci, Newark, NJ 07103 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1128/AAC.44.8.2039-2045.2000
中图分类号
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 100705 ;
摘要
Antimicrobial peptides are proposed to act as the first line of mucosal host defense by exerting broad-spectrum microbicidal activity against pathogenic microbes. Pleurocidin. a new tri-residue linear antimicrobial peptide, was recently isolated from the skin secretions of winter flounder (Pleuronectes americanus). The present study identifies the cDNA and gene encoding pleurocidin, The pleurocidin gene comprises four exons, Its upstream region demonstrates consensus binding sequences for transcription factors found in host defense genes in mammals, including sequences identical to the NF-IM and alpha and gamma interferon response elements. Pleurocidin is predicted to exist as a 68-residue prepropeptide that undergoes proteolytic cleavage of its amino-terminal signal and carboxy-terminal anionic propiece to form the active, mature peptide. Transmission electron microscopy localized pleurocidin to the mucin granules of skin and intestinal goblet cells, Significant synergy was shown to occur between pleurocidin and D-cycloserine targeting Mycobacterium smegmatis. Pleurocidin was functionally active at physiologic concentrations of magnesium and calcium; however, high concentrations of these divalent cations ablated pleurocidin's activity against a standard test strain, Escherichia coli D31. Pleurocidin was tested against bacterial and fungal clinical isolates and showed broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Together, these data support the hypothesis that pleurocidin participates in innate mucosal immunity, and it may prove to be a beneficial therapeutic agent.
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页码:2039 / 2045
页数:7
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