Quantitative constraints on the atmospheric chemistry of nitrogen oxides: An analysis along chemical coordinates

被引:19
作者
Cohen, RC [1 ]
Perkins, KK
Koch, LC
Stimpfle, RM
Wennberg, PO
Hanisco, TF
Lanzendorf, EJ
Bonne, GP
Voss, PB
Salawitch, RJ
Del Negro, LA
Wilson, JC
McElroy, CT
Bui, TP
机构
[1] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
[2] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
[3] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Energy & Environm, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
[4] Harvard Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Chem, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
[5] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
[6] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
[7] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA
[8] CALTECH, Div Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA
[9] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA
[10] NOAA, Aeron Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA
[11] Univ Denver, Dept Mech Engn, Denver, CO 80208 USA
[12] Environm Canada, Downsview, ON M3H 5T4, Canada
[13] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1029/2000JD900290
中图分类号
P4 [大气科学(气象学)];
学科分类号
0706 ; 070601 ;
摘要
In situ observations of NO2, NO, NOy, ClONO2, OH, O-3, aerosol surface area, spectrally resolved solar radiation, pressure and temperature obtained from the ER-2 aircraft during the Photochemistry of Ozone Loss in the Arctic Region in Summer (POLARIS) experiments are used to examine the factors controlling the fast photochemistry connecting NO and NO2 and the slower chemistry connecting NOx and HNO3. Our analysis uses "chemical coordinates" to examine gradients of the difference between a model and precisely calibrated measurements to provide a quantitative assessment of the accuracy of current photochemical models. The NO/NO2 analysis suggests that reducing the activation energy for the NO+O-3 reaction by 1.7 kJ/mol will improve model representation of the temperature dependence of the NO/NO2 ratio in the range 215-235 K. The NOx/HNO3 analysis shows that systematic errors in the relative rate coefficients used to describe NOx loss by the reaction OH + NO2 --> HNO3 and by the reaction set NO2+O-3-->NO3; NO2+NO3 --> N2O5; N2O5+H2O --> 2HNO(3) are in error by +8.4% (+30/-45%) (OH + NO2 too fast) in models using the Jet Propulsion Laboratory 1997 recommendations [DeMore et al., 1997]. Models that use recommendations for OH+NO2 and OH+HNO3 based on reanalysis of recent and past laboratory measurements are in error by 1.2% (+30/-45%) (OH + NO2 too slow). The +30%/-45% error limit reflects systematic uncertainties, while the statistical uncertainty is 0.65%. This analysis also shows that the POLARIS observations only modestly constrain the relative rates of the major NOx production reactions HNO3 + OH --> H2O + NO3 and HNO3 + hv --> OH + NO2. Even under the assumption that all other aspects of the model are perfect, the POLARIS observations only constrain the rate coefficient for OH+HNO3 to a range of 65% around the currently recommended value.
引用
收藏
页码:24283 / 24304
页数:22
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