Inhaling to mitigate exhaled bioaerosols

被引:256
作者
Edwards, DA
Man, JC
Brand, P
Katstra, JP
Sommerer, K
Stone, HA
Nardell, E
Scheuch, G
机构
[1] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
[2] Pulmatrix Inc, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
[3] Inamed, D-35285 Wohra, Germany
[4] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA
关键词
drug delivery; lung; infectious disease; influenza;
D O I
10.1073/pnas.0408159101
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Humans commonly exhale aerosols comprised of small droplets of airway-lining fluid during normal breathing. These "exhaled bioaerosols" may carry airborne pathogens and thereby magnify the spread of certain infectious diseases, such as influenza, tuberculosis, and severe acute respiratory syndrome. We hypothesize that, by altering lung airway surface properties through an inhaled nontoxic aerosol, we might substantially diminish the number of exhaled bioaerosol droplets and thereby provide a simple means to potentially mitigate the spread of airborne infectious disease independently of the identity of the airborne pathogen or the nature of any specific therapy. We find that some normal human subjects expire many more bioaerosol particles than other individuals during quiet breathing and therefore bear the burden of production of exhaled bioaerosols. Administering nebulized isotonic saline to these "high-producer" individuals diminishes the number of exhaled bioaerosol particles expired by 72.10 +/- 8.19% for up to 6 h. In vitro and in vivo experiments with saline and surfactants suggest that the mechanism of action of the nebulized saline relates to modification of the physical properties of the airway-lining fluid, notably surface tension.
引用
收藏
页码:17383 / 17388
页数:6
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