Creating a new paradigm in nutrition research within the National Cancer Institute

Almost two decades after Doll and Peto (1981) provided evidence that one third of cancer deaths are related to diet, it remains unclear which dietary components may be key in cancer prevention. Although the complexity of the diet can become overwhelming, the National Cancer Institute (NCl) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) has remained steadfast in its commitment to defining the roles that diet and nutrition have in the development of cancer and has provided increased research and training support to assist in unraveling this interrelationship. Evidence for this sustained commitment is highlighted by a fourfold increase in NCI expenditures for nutrition research and training from 1983 to 1998; this substantial increase reflects a trend that is occurring in some universities and the private sector. More than one third of the nutrition-related NCI research is funded by the Division of Cancer Prevention. Supported investigations cover the gamut from basic mechanisms of action of dietary constituents, methodology development, human metabolic studies, clinical trials of dietary modification and the chemopreventive potential of individual nutrients to population-based studies.