A two-separate-motivational-systems hypothesis of opioid addiction

被引：72

作者：

Bechara, A

Nader, K

Van der Kooy, D ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Toronto, Fac Med, Dept Anat & Cell Biol, Neurobiol Res Grp, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada

[2] Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Neurol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA

来源：

PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR | 1998年 / 59卷 / 01期

基金：

英国医学研究理事会;

关键词：

place conditioning; mesolimbic dopamine; tegmental pedunculopontine nucleus; motivation; withdrawal; opiates; addiction; drug dependence; review;

D O I：

10.1016/S0091-3057(97)00047-6

中图分类号：

B84 [心理学]; C [社会科学总论]; Q98 [人类学];

学科分类号：

03 ; 0303 ; 030303 ; 04 ; 0402 ;

摘要：

There has been a long debate as to whether opioids are sought for withdrawal relief or for their ability to serve as incentives in their own right. We suggest that independent motivational systems mediate the rewarding effects of opioids in the nondependent state and in the physically dependent/withdrawal state. In the opioid-dependent state and the presence of opioid withdrawal. the rewarding effects of withdrawal relief inhibit or mask the acute rewarding effects initially exerted in the nondependent state, but the acute rewarding effects are unmasked after the alleviation of withdrawal. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Inc.

引用

页码：1 / 17

页数：17

共 139 条

[41] THE ORIGINS OF CHOLINERGIC AND OTHER SUBCORTICAL AFFERENTS TO THE THALAMUS IN THE RAT [J].