Herein we present some new synthetic applications based on the use of functionalized alpha,beta-unsaturated sulfones and alpha,beta-unsaturated sulfoxides. In particular, we have developed a stereodivergent approach to the synthesis of castanospermine stereoisomers from omega-amino-gamma-oxygenated-alpha,beta-unsaturated sulfones as well as a stereoselective synthesis of substituted dihydrofurans by Pd(0) catalyzed reaction of the carbonate derivatives of gamma-oxygenated-alpha,beta-unsaturated sulfones with methylene active ketones. Additionally, the use of the sulfinyl group as a novel chiral auxiliary in asymmetric Heck reactions is also described.