A knowledge-based approach to the deflocculation problem:: integrating on-line, off-line, and heuristic information

A knowledge-based approach for the supervision of the deflocculation problem in activated sludge processes was considered and successfully applied to a full-scale plant. To do that, a methodology that integrates on-line, off-line and heuristic information has been proposed. This methodology consists of three steps: (i) development of a decision tree (which involves knowledge acquisition and representation); (ii) implementation into a rule-based system; and (iii) validation. The set of symptoms most useful in diagnosing the deflocculation problem has been identified, the different branches to diagnose pin-point floc and dispersed growth have been built (using generic and specific knowledge), and all this knowledge has been codified into an object-oriented shell. The results obtained in the application of this knowledge based approach to the Granollers WWTP (which treats about 130,000 inhabitants-equivalents) showed that the system was able to identify correctly the problem with reasonable accuracy. Our positive experience building this system suggests that this approach is a practical and valuable element to include in an intelligent supervisory system combining numerical and reasoning techniques. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.