Phosphorus transfer in surface runoff from intensive pasture systems at various scales: A review

被引:77
作者
Dougherty, WJ
Fleming, NK
Cox, JW
Chittleborough, DJ
机构
[1] Univ Adelaide, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
[2] S Australian Res & Dev Inst, Adelaide, SA 5003, Australia
[3] CSIRO Land & Water, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
关键词
D O I
10.2134/jeq2004.1973
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Phosphorus transfer in runoff from intensive pasture systems has been extensively researched at a range of scales. However, integration of data from the range of scales has been limited. This paper presents a conceptual model of P transfer that incorporates landscape effects and reviews the research relating to P transfer at a range of scales in light of this model. The contribution of inorganic P sources to P transfer is relatively well understood, but the contribution of organic P to P transfer is still relatively poorly defined. Phosphorus transfer has been studied at laboratory, profile, plot, field, and watershed scales. The majority of research investigating the processes of P transfer (as distinct from merely quantifying P transfer) has been undertaken at the plot scale. However, there is a growing need to integrate data gathered at a range of scales so that more effective strategies to reduce P transfer can be identified. This has been hindered by the lack of a clear conceptual framework to describe differences in the processes of P transfer at the various scales. The interaction of hydrological (transport) factors with P source factors, and their relationship to scale, require further examination. Runoff-generating areas are highly variable, both temporally and spatially. Improvement in the understanding and identification of these areas will contribute to increased effectiveness of strategies aimed at reducing P transfers in runoff. A thorough consideration of scale effects using the conceptual model of P transfer outlined in this paper will facilitate the development of improved strategies for reducing P losses in runoff.
引用
收藏
页码:1973 / 1988
页数:16
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