Functional properties and physiological roles of organic solute channels

被引:79
作者
Kirk, K [1 ]
Strange, K
机构
[1] Australian Natl Univ, John Curtin Sch Med Res, Div Biochem & Mol Biol, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
[2] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, Lab Cellular & Mol Physiol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
[3] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
关键词
organic osmolytes; anion channels; porins; cell volume regulation; metabolites;
D O I
10.1146/annurev.physiol.60.1.719
中图分类号
Q4 [生理学];
学科分类号
071003 ;
摘要
Membrane channels provide routes for the rapid, passive movement of solutes across plasma and intracellular membranes. It is generally assumed that the major physiological role of membrane channels is to transport inorganic ions for processes such as transepithelial salt absorption and secretion, cell volume regulation, signal transduction, and control of membrane electrical properties. Increasing evidence indicates, however, that channels play an important role in organic solute transport in a wide variety of cell types and organisms. Some of the major physiological roles of organic solute channels include uptake of nutrients, excretion of metabolic waste products, volume-regulatory organic osmolyte transport, and control of mitochondrial metabolism. This article reviews the functions and characteristics of channels that participate in the transport and regulation of both charged and electroneutral organic solutes.
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收藏
页码:719 / 739
页数:21
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