Effect of Cabin Ventilation Rate on Ultrafine Particle Exposure Inside Automobiles

被引：76

作者：

Knibbs, Luke D. ^{[1
]}

de Dear, Richard J. ^{[2
]}

Morawska, Lidia ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Queensland Univ Technol, Int Lab Air Qual & Hlth, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia

[2] Univ Sydney, Fac Architecture Design & Planning, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia

来源：

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY | 2010年 / 44卷 / 09期

关键词：

IN-CABIN; FILTRATION; DETERMINANTS; POLLUTANTS; INDOOR; SYSTEM; NUMBER;

D O I：

10.1021/es9038209

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

We alternately measured on-road and in-vehicle ultrafine (<100 nm) particle (UFP) concentration for 5 passenger vehicles that comprised an age range of 18 years. A range of cabin ventilation settings were assessed during 301 trips through a 4 km road tunnel in Sydney, Australia. Outdoor air flow (ventilation) rates under these settings were quantified on open roads using tracer gas techniques. Significant variability in tunnel trip average median in-cabin/on-road (I/O) UFP ratios was observed (0.08 to similar to 1.0). Based on data spanning all test automobiles and ventilation settings, a positive linear relationship was found between outdoor air flow rate and I/O ratio, with the former accounting for a substantial proportion of variation in the latter (R-2 = 0.81). UFP concentrations recorded in-cabin during tunnel travel were significantly higher than those reported by comparable studies performed on open roadways. A simple mathematical model afforded the ability to predict tunnel trip average in-cabin UFP concentrations with good accuracy. Our data indicate that under certain conditions, in-cabin UFP exposures incurred during tunnel travel may contribute significantly to daily exposure. The UFP exposure of automobile occupants appears strongly related to their choice of ventilation setting and vehicle.

引用

页码：3546 / 3551

页数：6

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