In vitro activities of cefminox against anaerobic bacteria compared with those of nine other compounds

The agar dilution MIC method was used to test the activity of cefminox, a beta-lactamase-stable cephamycin, compared with those of cefoxitin, cefotetan, moxalactam, ceftizoxime, cefotiam, cefamandole, cefoperazone, Clindamycin, and metronidazole against 357 anaerobes. Overall, cefminox was the most active beta-lactam, with an MIC at which 50% of isolates are inhibited (MIC50) of 1.0 mu g/ml and an MIC50 of 16.0 mu g/ml. Other beta-lactams were less active, with respective MIC(50)s and MIC(90)s of 2.0 and 64.0 mu g/ml for cefoxitin, 2.0 and 128.0 mu g/ml for cefotetan, 2.0 and 64.0 mu g/ml for moxalactam, 4.0 and 128.0 mu g/ml for ceftizoxime, 16.0 and > 128.0 mu g/ml for cefotiam, 8.0 and >128.0 mu g/ml for cefamandole, and 4.0 and 128.0 mu g/ml for cefoperazone. The clindamycin MIC50 and MIC90 were 0.5 and 8.0 mu g/ml, respectively, and the metronidazole MIC50 and MIC90 were 1.0 and 4.0 mu g/ml, respectively. Cefminox was especially active against Bacteroides fragilis (MIC90, 2.0 mu g/ml), Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (MIC90, 4.0 mu g/ml), fusobacteria (MIC90, 1.0 mu g/ml), peptostreptococci (MIC90, 2.0 mu g/ml), and clostridia, including Clostridium difficile (MIC90, 2.0 mu g/ml). Time-kill studies performed with six representative anaerobic species revealed that at the MIC all compounds except ceftizoxime were bactericidal (99.9% killing) against all strains after 48 h. At 24 h, only cefminox and cefoxitin at 4x the MIC and cefoperazone at 8x the MIC were bactericidal against all strains. After 12 h, at the MIC all compounds except moxalactam, ceftizoxime, cefotiam, cefamandole, clindamycin, and metronidazole gave 90% killing of all strains. After 3 h, cefminox at 2x the MIC produced the most rapid effect, with 90% killing of all strains.