Structure and Basal Transcription Complex of RNA Polymerase II Core Promoters in the Mammalian Genome: An Overview

被引:40
作者
Baumann, Martina [1 ]
Pontiller, Jens [1 ]
Ernst, Wolfgang [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Nat Resources & Appl Life Sci, Austrian Ctr Biopharmaceut Technol, Dept Biotechnol, Vienna, Austria
关键词
Core promoter elements; RNA polymerase II; TFIID; Pre-initiation complex; Assembly pathways; PROTEIN-CODING GENES; C-TERMINAL DOMAIN; DNA METHYLATION; TATA-BOX; CPG ISLANDS; DEPENDENT TRANSCRIPTION; FUNCTIONAL INITIATOR; ACCURATE INITIATION; BINDING-PROTEIN; MOUSE EMBRYO;
D O I
10.1007/s12033-010-9265-6
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
The mammalian core promoter is a sophisticated and crucial component for the regulation of transcription mediated by the RNA polymerase II. It is generally defined as the minimal region of contiguous DNA sequence that is sufficient to accurately initiate a basal level of gene expression. The core promoter represents the ultimate target for nucleation of a functional pre-initiation complex composed of the RNA polymerase II and associated general transcription factors. Among the more than 40 distinct proteins assembling the basal transcription complex, TFIID plays a central role in recognizing and binding specific core promoter elements to support creating an environment that facilitates transcription initiation. Several common DNA motifs, like the TATA box, initiator region, or the downstream promoter element, are found in a subset of core promoters present in various combinations. Another class of promoters that is usually absent of a TATA box is constituted by the so-called CpG islands, which are associated with the majority of protein-coding genes within the mammalian genome.
引用
收藏
页码:241 / 247
页数:7
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