Facile and efficient synthesis of 4-azidotetrafluoroaniline: A new photoaffinity reagent

被引:40
作者
Chehade, KAH
Spielmann, HP [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Kentucky, Dept Biochem, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
[2] Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
[3] Univ Kentucky, Kentucky Ctr Struct Biol, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1021/jo000402p
中图分类号
O62 [有机化学];
学科分类号
070303 ; 081704 ;
摘要
p-Azidotetrafluoroaniline (1) was synthesized in 65-73% yield by two different methods employing a stable carbamate intermediate. The first method trapped the intermediate isocyanate generated via a modified Curtius rearrangement with 2-methyl-2-propanol or 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethanol to form the stable carbamates 2d and 2e, respectively. Benzoic acid 2e was first converted to its acid chloride with PCl5. Displacement of the chloride by NaN3 in acetone/water formed the acyl azide. Thermal rearrangement followed by the addition of the appropriate alcohols provided the carbamates. The acid labile carbamate 2d was deprotected with HCl/AcOH to provide 1, while trifluoroacetic acid was required to deprotect 2e and afford 1. In the second path, 1 was synthesized in five steps from pentafluoronitrobenzene (3a) in 65% overall yield. Compound 3a was converted into 4-azidotetrafluoronitrobenzene (3b) with NaN3 in 93% yield and was used without further purification to form 1,4-diaminotetrafluorobenzene (3c) by Sn/HCl reduction in 85% yield. The mono-9-fluorenyl-methoxycarbonyl (FMOC) derivative Sd was formed from 3c with FMOC-Cl and pyridine in EtOAc in 92% yield. Diazotization of 3d under anhydrous conditions with TFA/NaNO2 and NaN3 gave 3e in 87% yield. The aryl azide was formed with concurrent nitration of the 2-position of the fluorenyl system. The protecting group was removed with piperidine to afford 1 in 93% yield. Irradiation of 1 with 254 nm light in cyclohexane gave cyclohexylamine 11, diamine 3c, and azobenzene 12 as the primary products. The formation of C-H insertion product 11 indicates that 1 forms a singlet nitrene upon photolysis. Two heterobifunctional photoaffinity reagents iodoacetamide 9 and dansyl derivative 10 were prepared.
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页码:4949 / 4953
页数:5
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