Streptococcus pneumoniae: Activity of newer agents against penicillin-resistant strains

被引:25
作者
Michael R. Jacobs
Peter C. Appelbaum
机构
[1] Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals of Cleveland,Department of Pathology
[2] Hershey Medical Center,Department of Pathology
关键词
Streptococcus Pneumoniae; Acute Otitis Medium; Antimicrob Agent; Sparfloxacin; Cefpodoxime;
D O I
10.1007/s11908-999-0004-8
中图分类号
学科分类号
摘要
Strains of pneumococci resistant to antimicrobial agents have been reported on all continents. In 1997, more than 50% of strains in the United States were not susceptible to penicillin, and 30% were resistant to macrolides. In addition, many strains are resistant to multiple agents, including β-lactams, macrolides, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, tetracyclines, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Although resistance to β-lactams in nonmeningeal infections can usually be overcome by parenteral administration, clinically significant resistance is an important limitation in meningitis and with oral administration of β-lactams. Decisions about treatment of pneumococcal infection are based on the site of infection, the degree of resistance to penicillin G, the presence of resistance to other agents, the severity of disease, the presence of underlying conditions, and the dose and route of administration of antimicrobial agents. The application of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic variables to pneumococci has greatly improved the interpretation of susceptibility data and the development of clinically relevant breakpoints.
引用
收藏
页码:13 / 21
页数:8
相关论文
共 199 条
[31]  
Perez JL(1992)In-vitro antibacterial activity of RP 59500, a semisynthetic streptogramin, against Streptococcus pneumoniae J Antimicrob Chemother 30 19-23
[32]  
Garau J(1994)A study of the comparative anti-pneumococcal activity of penicillin G, RP59500, erythromycin, sparfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and vancomycin by time-kill methodology Antimicrob Agents Chemother 38 2065-2072
[33]  
Liñares J(1994)Study of the comparative anti-pneumococcal activity of penicillin G, RP59500, erythromycin, sparfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and vancomycin by using time-kill methodology Antimicrob Agents Chemother 38 2065-2072
[34]  
Alonso T(1997)Susceptibilities of 228 penicillin- and erythromycin-susceptible and - resistant pneumococci to RU 64004, a new ketolide, compared with susceptibilities to 16 other agents Antimicrob Agents Chemother 41 1033-1036
[35]  
Pèrez JL(1988)Susceptibility of penicillin- and erythromycin-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci to HMR 3647 (RU 66647), a new ketolide, compared with susceptibilities to 17 other agents Antimicrob Agents Chemother 42 624-630
[36]  
Pankuch GA(1989)Susceptibility of penicillin-sensitive and-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae to new antimicrobial agents, including daptomycin, teicoplanin, cefpodoxime and quinolones J Antimicrob Chemother 23 509-516
[37]  
Jacobs MR(1996)Antipneumococcal activity of LY 333328, a new glycopeptide, compared with vancomycin, teicoplanin, ceftriaxone, rifampin and imipenem Antimicrob Agents Chemother 40 2661-2663
[38]  
Appelbaum PC(1985)New cephalosporins, cefotaxime, cefpimizole, BMY 28142 and HR 810 in experimental pneumococcal meningitis in rabbits Antimicrob Agents Chemother 27 340-342
[39]  
Pankuch GA(1981)Bacteriology of acute otitis media unresponsive to initial antimicrobial therapy J Pediatr 98 537-539
[40]  
Jacobs MR(1981)Vancomycin therapy of experimental pneumococcal meningitis caused by penicillin-sensitive and resistant strains J Antimicrob Chemother 7 89-99