Diagnostic approaches for patients with suspected encephalitis

被引：30

作者：

Bloch K.C. ^{[1
]}

Glaser C. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Vanderbilt University Medical Center, A-2200 Medical Center North, Nashville

来源：

Current Infectious Disease Reports | 2007年 / 9卷 / 4期

关键词：

Herpes Simplex Virus; Encephalitis; West Nile Virus; Rabies; Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever;

D O I：

10.1007/s11908-007-0049-5

中图分类号：

学科分类号：

摘要：

Encephalitis represents a diagnostic challenge, with an infectious etiology identified in only 40% to 70% of cases. More than 100 agents have been either definitively or anecdotally associated with encephalitis. Important considerations for diagnosis include selection of the appropriate clinical specimen (serum vs cerebrospinal fluid), determining the most sensitive diagnostic assay (serology vs polymerase chain reaction), and assessing causality when an organism is identified outside of the central nervous system (eg, a positive nasal swab for influenza). This review aims to provide an evidence-based, clinically relevant approach to the diagnostic evaluation of patients presenting with encephalitis, focusing on the most common or important causes in the immunocompetent host. Diagnostic issues associated with encephalitis due to herpes-group viruses, arboviruses (including West Nile virus), rickettsiae, bartonella, enteroviruses, and rabies are discussed in-depth. Diagnostic testing should be individualized based on clinical presentation and epidemiology. Copyright © 2007 by Current Medicine Group LLC.

引用

页码：315 / 322

页数：7

共 59 条

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