Scope for genetic manipulation of mineral acquisition in chickpea

被引：41

作者：

Ali Md.Y. ^{[1
]}

Krishnamurthy L. ^{[2
]}

Saxena N.P. ^{[2
]}

Rupela O.P. ^{[2
]}

Kumar J. ^{[2
]}

Johansen C. ^{[3
]}

机构：

[1] Bangladesh Agric. Research Institute

[2] Intl. Crops Res. Inst. Semi-Arid T., Patancheru 502324, A.P.

[3] Apartment 2B, Gulshan-2, Dhaka 1212, Palmdale, Plot 6

来源：

Plant and Soil | 2002年 / 245卷 / 1期

关键词：

Chickpea; Cicer arietinum L; Genetic variation; Nutrients; Root exudates; Roots;

D O I：

10.1023/A:1020616818106

中图分类号：

学科分类号：

摘要：

Nutrient acquisition in chickpea needs to be efficient, because it is mainly grown as a post-rainy season, rainfed crop, and generally on soils inferior in physical characteristics and poor in fertility. Nutrient deficiencies have been reported to cause yield losses of varying magnitude in chickpea, e.g., 22-50% due to iron (Fe), around 10% due to sub-optimal nodulation and hence nitrogen (N) deficiency, 29-45% due to phosphorus (P), up to 100% due to boron (B), and 16-30% due to sulphur (S). Yield losses due to salinity are equally large but are difficult to estimate because of its heterogeneous occurrence. In chickpea, genotypic differences in morpho-physiological (including root size) and functional (exudates) root traits, and in nodulation capacity for increased nitrogen fixation have been identified. Genotypic differences in response to application of Fe, B and zinc (Zn) have also been found among chickpea genotypes. A drought tolerant chickpea genotype ICC 4958, which has a relatively large root system, acquired more P than other genotypes during the vegetative period in a pot experiment at ICRISAT. The recent thrust on identifying QTLs for root size should facilitate progress in incorporating useful root traits through marker assisted selection in desirable agronomic backgrounds. Selection for nodulation capacity in released cultivars has resulted in high nodulating chickpea genotypes that produced 10% higher yield than the control varieties. Information on targeted crop improvement for higher nutrient-use efficiency for P, S, Zn, B and Fe is not readily available. Methods to screen for tolerance to salinity are available, but sufficiently high levels of tolerance have not yet been found in germplasm or wild relatives of chickpea to warrant breeding for salinity tolerance. Use of alternative approaches, such as mutation to generate genetic diversity or introgression of alien genes from other crops (transgenic) are thus required, and these remain long-term objectives.

引用

页码：123 / 134

页数：11

共 70 条

[51] Rupela O.P., Field evaluation of some recently developed selections for high nodulation and value of nodulation variants of chickpea, Proceeding of An International Workshop on Managing Legume Nitrogen Fixation in Cropping Systems of Asia, pp. 305-317, (1997)
[52] Rupela O.P., Dart P.J., Screening for nodulation characteristics in chickpea and subsequent generation of seeds, Biological Nitrogen Fixation Techonology for Tropical Agriculture, pp. 57-61, (1982)
[53] Rupela O.P., Wani S.P., Danso S.K.A., Johansen C., Effect of high nodulating selection of chickpea cultivar ICC 4948 on yield and soil properties of a chickpea-sorghum cropping system, J. Soil Biol. Ecol., 15, pp. 127-134, (1995)
[54] Sakal R., Sinha R.B., Singh A.P., Effect of boron application on blackgram and chickpea production in calcareous soil, Fertiliser News, 33, pp. 27-30, (1988)
[55] Salim M., Screening techniques and sources of tolerance to salinity and mineral nutrient imbalances in cool season food legumes, FABIS Newsletter, 18, pp. 11-13, (1987)
[56] Saxena M.C., Singh K.B., The Chickpea, (1987)
[57] Saxena N.P., Problems and prospects to screen and breed for tolerance to soil salinity: A case study with chickpea, Adaptation of Chickpea and Pigeonpea to Abiotic Stresses. Proceedings of the Consultants' Workshop, pp. 115-120, (1987)
[58] Saxena N.P., Johansen C., Saxena M.C., Silim S.N., Selection for drought and salinity tolerance in cool-season food legumes, Breeding for Stress Tolerance in Cool Season Food Legumes, pp. 245-270, (1993)
[59] Saxena N.P., Saxena M.C., Ruckenbauer P., Rana R.S., El-Fouly M.M., Shabana R., Screening techniques and sources of tolerance to salinity and mineral nutrient imbalances in cool season food legumes, Expanding the Production and Use of Cool Season Food Legumes, pp. 457-471, (1994)
[60] Sheldrake A.R., Saxena N.P., Growth and development of chickpea under progressive moisture stress, Stress Physiology in Crop Plants, pp. 466-483, (1979)

← 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 →