Effects of cytochrome P450 inhibitors on agonist-induced Ca2+ responses and production of NO and PGI2 in vascular endothelial cells

Production of endothelium-dependent vascular relaxing factors, such as nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin I2 (PGI2), and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF), is regulated in part by changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in vascular endothelial cells (ECs). Cytochrome P450 (CYP), shown to mediate endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization via epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, is one of the candidates for EDHF. In this study we tested the hypotheses that CYP might be involved in EC Ca2+ signaling and that CYP activity might be linked with production of vasodilating factors other than EDHF. To this end, structurally different CYP inhibitors including SKF 525A, econazole and miconazole were tested on primary cultured porcine aortic endothelial cells. Intracellular Ca2+ concentration was measured using the fluorescent Ca2+ indicator fura-2/AM. Bradykinin (BK, 10 nM) and thapsigargin (TG, 1 μM) provoked large biphasic increases in [Ca2+]i, which consist of Ca2+ release from intracellular stores and transplasmalemmal Ca2+ entry. SKF 525A dose-dependently (30–100 μM) inhibited BK- and TG-stimulated Ca2+ entry, but not intracellular Ca2+ store release. Econazole (10 μM) and miconazole (10 μM) had the same effect as SKF 525A on the Ca2+ entry. SKF 525A also dose-dependently inhibited BK-stimulated production of NO and PGI2, assessed by measuring cGMP and 6-keto-PGF1α concentration. These data suggest that, in addition to its regulation of EDHF production, CYP also contributes to the regulation of other endothelium-dependent vasorelaxing factors by modifying EC Ca2+ signaling.