CURRENT STATUS OF PHARMACOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL TREATMENT OF OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER

Behavioral and pharmacological treatment outcome studies of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are reviewed, and a synthesis of findings regarding posttreatment response and durability of treatment effects is offered. An analysis of differential treatment response rates is presented within the context of drop-out and relapse rates. In addition, the role of individual variables and the presence of comorbid conditions are discussed in relation to outcome. Although both drug and behavioral treatments are efficacious, within the confines of limitations in currently available research, it appears that behavioral treatment incorporating exposure (flooding) and response prevention produces the larger response rates, particularly when relapse and drop-out rates are considered. However, the measurement strategies employed by the two literatures have differed considerably, and these issues are highlighted. Finally, based on the extant literature, critical needs for future drug and behavioral studies are noted.