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AN INTRODUCTION TO THE EUROPEAN HYDROLOGICAL SYSTEM - SYSTEME HYDROLOGIQUE EUROPEEN, SHE .1. HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF A PHYSICALLY-BASED, DISTRIBUTED MODELING SYSTEM

被引：962
作者：
ABBOTT, MB
BATHURST, JC
CUNGE, JA
OCONNELL, PE
RASMUSSEN, J
机构：
[1] SOGREAH,F-38042 GRENOBLE,FRANCE
[2] DANISH HYDRAUL INST,DK-2970 HORSHOLM,DENMARK
[3] INST HYDROL,WALLINGFORD OX10 8BB,OXON,ENGLAND
来源：
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY | 1986年 / 87卷 / 1-2期
关键词：
During 1977a nd1 978; a ttentionw asc oncentrateodn the individuapl rocess componentosf the SHE. Snowmelti; n terceptioann d evapotranspiratiwone re the responsibilityo f the Instituteo f Hydrology; o verlanda nd channel flow dealtw ith by SOGREAH; and the unsaturateadn ds aturatezdo necomponents were developebdy the Danish HydraulicI nstitute.E ach componenwt as con-structeda s a separatseo ftwarem odulew itht entativbe utw ell-defineidn formation exchangech aracteristicis.e; certaini nformationg eneratebdy one module was to act as input data or boundaryc onditionsfo r otherm odulesA. t the samet ime; a centralc ontrole lementt; h eFRAME; was designeda ndt estedb y the Danish HydraulicI nstitute; f irst with dummym odulesa nd subsequently with workingm odulesa st heyb ecamea vailableT. he FRAME is responsiblfeo r the parallelr unningof the other componentsw; h ichmay have differentt ime-steps; a nd for the exchangeo f informationb etweenth em. By 1978i t becamep ossibleto construcat test systemfo r the SHE; this being a corhpletes ystemb ut one which had beenp rogrammepdr imarilyf or testing purposes.T his version constitutedw hat; in engineeringte rms; is usually describeads a testm ule; a lthoughin this caset heuse of the term mulew as equally well justified by the system'ss tubbornn atureand propensityfo r deliveringu nexpectedki cks to its developersD! ata from the Institute of Hydrology'sR iver Wye researchc atchmenitn Wales; were used for general testing.H oweveri; n dividualc omponentwse realso testedu singother sources of data (e.g. Jensen; 1981).T he Mule further servedt o demonstratteh e prac-ticabilityo f the softwares ystema rchitecturaen d it exhibitedc omputational performancceh aracteristic(es .g.r unnings peedst)h atwere well within those laid down earlier as being necessarfyo r its practicala pplication. Each of the ASHE organizationws orkedw ith its own versiono f the Mule; keepinga ll componentfsix ede xceptt he one or two on which it was currently working.A t variouss tagesth eMule was updatedw iththe latestv ersionso f all the componentasn d developmenstt arteda freshw ith thesei ncorporatedA.t eachs uchu pdatingit was possibleto changeth ei nformatione xchangceh arac-teristicsa s necessaryD. esigna ndd evelopmenwto rk proceedeadt each of the three ASHE organizationsse paratelyb ut; at each updatingo f the Mule; a combinedw orkings essionw asheld in which engineeras nds cientistfsr omall three organizationpsa rticipated. The prototypeo f the SHE emergedfr om this processd uring1 981a nd was then subjectedto a more rigorous testing.T his showedu p a basic design weaknessin the systema rchitecturew hich prompteda n extensivere structuring of the FRAME; togethewr iththe input and outputp roceduresT.h e SHE thus becameo perationailn its first productionv ersioni n 1982; a lthoughf ur-ther extensivtee stinga ndd evelopmenwte rec ontinuedin ordert o increaseit s reliabilityr; unnings peeda ndg enerael fficiencyF. rom1 983o nwardsth eASHE organizationsw ere joined in the testing programmeb y the University of Braunschweigs; u pportedb y the GermanS cienceF oundationa; nd; from; 1984; onwardsb; y the Departmenotf Public Works of New ZealandA. collaborative venturefo r developintgh eSHE for irrigations tudiesw asset up with the Royal IrrigationD epartmenint Thailandi n 1985.A lso in 1985; B ritishresponsibility for the SHE was transferredfr om the Instituteo f Hydrologyt o the Water ResourceS ystemsR esearchU nit at the Universityo f Newcastleu ponTyne; wheref urthert estinga ndd evelopmenist b eingc arriedo ut.The Unit is funded by the U.K. Natural EnvironmenRt esearchC ouncil;
D O I：
10.1016/0022-1694(86)90114-9
中图分类号：
TU [建筑科学];
学科分类号：
0813 ;
摘要：
35
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页码：45 / 59
页数：15
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