PREDATOR AVOIDANCE BY THE FRESH-WATER SNAIL PHYSELLA-VIRGATA IN RESPONSE TO THE CRAYFISH PROCAMBARUS-SIMULANS

被引:109
作者
ALEXANDER, JE [1 ]
COVICH, AP [1 ]
机构
[1] UNIV OKLAHOMA,DEPT ZOOL,NORMAN,OK 73019
关键词
PREDATOR AVOIDANCE; SNAILS; CRAYFISH; PREDATION; PREDATOR-PREY INTERACTIONS;
D O I
10.1007/BF00634603
中图分类号
Q14 [生态学(生物生态学)];
学科分类号
071012 ; 0713 ;
摘要
We examined predator avoidance behavior of the freshwater snail Physella (= Physa) virgata in response to the crayfish Procambarus simulans. In both laboratory and field enclosure experiments snails crawled above the waterline for 2 h or longer, then returned to the water. Physella virgata react to chemical signals given off by crayfish actively foraging on conspecific snails; they do not react to inactive crayfish. Low dissolved oxygen, crowding, and disturbance of the sediments did not elicit "crawlout" behavior. Crawling above the waterline, by reducing the probability of encounter between vulnerable, thin-shelled snails and crayfish, is an adaptive response to predation.
引用
收藏
页码:435 / 442
页数:8
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