ANTHELMINTIC POLYFUNCTIONAL NITROGEN-CONTAINING TERPENOIDS FROM MARINE SPONGES

The study of the anthelmintic terpenoid components from the Fiji sponge Axinyssa fenestratus (senior synonym of Leucophloeus fenestratus) and two Thailand sponges, Acanthella cavernosa and Topsentia sp., has yielded several new nitrogen-containing sesqui- and diterpenes of known carbon skeletons. Amorphane sesquiterpenes from A. fenestratus included (1R, 6S, 7S, 10S)- 10-isothiocyanato-4-amorphene [(+)-1] and new metabolites (1R*, 4S*, 6R*, 7S*)-4-isothiocyanato-9-amorphene [2], 10-isothiocyanato-4,6-amorphadiene [3], and (4S*, 10S*)- 10-isothiocyanato-5-amorphen-4-ol [4]. The amorphene (+)-1 of this study may be antipodal to (-)-1 previously isolated from a Hawaiian sponge. A similar relationship may exist at C-1, C-6, C-7 between (+)-2 of this study and (-)-11 isolated from a Palauian sponge. Another known sesquiterpene, axisonitrile 3 [5] was obtained from Topsentia sp. The diterpenes obtained from A. cavernosa included known kalihinols X [6] and Y [8] and new kalihinols J [7] and I [9]. Those terpenoids with potent antiparasite activity include 1, 2, 3-5, and 7-9.