EXPLANATORY STYLE AS A MECHANISM OF DISAPPOINTING ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE

被引：112

作者：

SELIGMAN, MEP

NOLENHOEKSEMA, S

THORNTON, N

THORNTON, KM

机构：

[1] STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD,CA 94305

[2] UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720

来源：

PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE | 1990年 / 1卷 / 02期

关键词：

D O I：

10.1111/j.1467-9280.1990.tb00084.x

中图分类号：

B84 [心理学];

学科分类号：

04 ; 0402 ;

摘要：

Two university varsity swimming teams took the Attributional Style Questionnaire (ASQ) at the start of the season. Swimmers with a pessimistic explanatory style went on to show more unexpected poor performances during competition than optimistic swimmers. We then tested the purported mechanism of this effect by experimentally simulating defeat, giving each swimmer falsely negative times. Performance deteriorated for those swimmers with a pessimistic explanatory style for bad events on their next swim, whereas performance for those swimmers with an optimistic style did not. © 1990, Institution of Mechanical Engineers. All rights reserved.

引用

收藏

页码：143 / 145

页数：3

相关论文

共 17 条

[1] LEARNED HELPLESSNESS IN HUMANS - CRITIQUE AND REFORMULATION [J].

ABRAMSON, LY ;

SELIGMAN, MEP ;

TEASDALE, JD .

JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY, 1978, 87 (01) :49-74

[2]

DERUBEIS RJ, 1988, UNPUB ACTIV COMPONEN, V3

[3]

DWECK CS, 1980, HUMAN HELPLESSNESS T, P197

[4] HARDINESS AND HEALTH - A CRITIQUE AND ALTERNATIVE APPROACH [J].

HULL, JG ;

VANTREUREN, RR ;

VIRNELLI, S .

JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, 1987, 53 (03) :518-530

[5] LEARNED HELPLESSNESS IN CHILDREN - A LONGITUDINAL-STUDY OF DEPRESSION, ACHIEVEMENT, AND EXPLANATORY STYLE [J].

NOLENHOEKSEMA, S ;

GIRGUS, JS ;

SELIGMAN, MEP .

JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, 1986, 51 (02) :435-442

[6] SEX-DIFFERENCES IN UNIPOLAR DEPRESSION - EVIDENCE AND THEORY [J].

NOLENHOEKSEMA, S .

PSYCHOLOGICAL BULLETIN, 1987, 101 (02) :259-282

[7] CAUSAL EXPLANATIONS AS A RISK FACTOR FOR DEPRESSION - THEORY AND EVIDENCE [J].

PETERSON, C ;

SELIGMAN, MEP .

PSYCHOLOGICAL REVIEW, 1984, 91 (03) :347-374

[8] THE ATTRIBUTIONAL STYLE QUESTIONNAIRE [J].

PETERSON, C ;

SEMMEL, A ;

VONBAEYER, C ;

ABRAMSON, LY ;

METALSKY, GI ;

SELIGMAN, MEP .

COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH, 1982, 6 (03) :287-299

[9] EXPLANATORY STYLE AND ACADEMIC-PERFORMANCE AMONG UNIVERSITY FRESHMEN [J].

PETERSON, C ;

BARRETT, LC .

JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, 1987, 53 (03) :603-607

[10] SELF-HANDICAPPING AMONG COMPETITIVE ATHLETES - THE ROLE OF PRACTICE IN SELF-ESTEEM PROTECTION [J].

RHODEWALT, F ;

SALTZMAN, AT ;

WITTMER, J .

BASIC AND APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, 1984, 5 (03) :197-209