YEAST NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION-REPAIR PROTEINS RAD2 AND RAD4 INTERACT WITH RNA-POLYMERASE-II BASAL TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR-B (TFIIW)

The Rad2, Rad3, Rad4, and Ss12 proteins are required for nucleotide excision repair in yeast cells and are homologs of four human proteins which are involved in a group of hereditary repair-defective diseases. We have previously shown that Rad3 protein is one of the five subunits of purified RNA polymerase II basal transcription initiation factor b (TFIIH) and that SsI2 protein physically associates with factor b (W.J. Feaver, J Q. Svejstrup, L. Bardwell, A. J. Bardwell, S. Buratowski, K. D. Gulyas, T. F. Donahue, E. C. Friedberg, and R. D. Kornberg, Cell 75:1379-1387, 1993). Here we show that the Rad2 and Rad4 proteins interact with purified factor b in vitro. Rad2 (a single-stranded DNA endonuclease) specifically interacts with the Tfb1 subunit of factor b, and we have mapped a limited region of the Rad2 polypeptide which is sufficient for this interaction. Rad2 also interacts directly with Ss12 protein (a putative DNA helicase). The binding of Rad2 and Rad4 proteins to factor b may define intermediates in the assembly of the nucleotide excision repair repairosome. Furthermore, the loading of factor b (or such intermediates) onto promoters during transcription initiation provides a mechanism for the preferential targeting of repair proteins to actively transcribing genes.