DENSE CULTURES OF ANIMAL-CELLS AT THE INDUSTRIAL-SCALE

Dense cultures of animal cells have become a viable method of maintaining and exploiting animal cells in culture. This review explores the relationship between animal cells as found in body tissues and animal cells in culture at cell densities approaching those found in such body tissues. To achieve this latter capability, several alternative types of bioreactor have been assayed. These alternative systems are described and discussed, and the remaining problems of scale-up, on-line analysis and control are highlighted.