INHIBITION OF STEROID 5-ALPHA-REDUCTASE BY UNSATURATED 3-CARBOXYSTEROIDS

A series of unsaturated steroids bearing a 3-carboxy substituent has been prepared and assayed in vitro as inhibitors of human and rat prostatic steroid 5α-reductase (EC 1.3.1.30). It is proposed that the observed tight binding of the 3-androstene-3-carboxylic acids is due to mimicry of a putative, high-energy, enzyme-bound enolate intermediate formed during the NADPH-dependent conjugate reduction of testosterone by steroid 5α-reductase. These compounds were prepared through palladium(0)-catalyzed carbomethoxylations of enol (trifluoromethyl)sulfonates derived from 3-keto precursors. Modification of A and B ring unsaturation and substitution at C-3,-4,-6, and -11 was explored. Mono- and dialkylcarboxamides were employed as 17β side chains to enhance inhibitory activity with the human enzyme. © 1990, American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.