MINERAL-RESOURCES, ENVIRONMENTAL-ISSUES, AND LAND-USE

被引：54

作者：

HODGES, CA

机构：

[1] U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park

来源：

SCIENCE | 1995年 / 268卷 / 5215期

关键词：

D O I：

10.1126/science.268.5215.1305

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Contrary to predictions from the 1950s through the mid-1980s, persistent shortages of nonfuel minerals have not occurred, despite prodigious consumption, and world reserves have increased. Global availability of raw materials is relevant to policy decisions regarding mineral development and land use. Justification for environmental protection may exceed that for mining a specific ore body. Demand for environmental accountability is rising worldwide, and new technologies are enabling internalization of costs. Mineral-rich developing nations plagued by inefficient state-owned mining enterprises, high population growth rates, and environmental degradation could realize substantial benefit by reforming government policies to encourage foreign investment in resources and by appropriate allocation of mineral rents.

引用

页码：1305 / 1312

页数：8

共 85 条

[31]

MORGAN GA, 1992, MINERAL EC GUINEA

[32]

Myers N., 1993, ULTIMATE SECURITY EN

[33]

PARK CF, 1968, AFFLUENCE JEOPARDY M

[34] SCARCITY OF NATURAL-RESOURCES AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT [J].