We examined the possible risk factors for poor prognostic in cerebral malaria in 31 adults from Burundi, an area of high prevalence rate of HN-1 infection. Depth of coma, temperature, vomiting, seizures, parasite load, or anaemia did not modify the outcome. High levels of creatinine, bilirubin, and/or lactates were indicators of poor prognostic. HIV-1 infection did not affect the clinical or biological presentation of cerebral malaria, and did not appear to influence the outcome.