RISK-BENEFIT ASSESSMENT OF NICOTINE PREPARATIONS IN SMOKING CESSATION

被引：36

作者：

HUGHES, JR

机构：

[1] Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology and Family Practice, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont

[2] Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, 05401-1419

来源：

DRUG SAFETY | 1993年 / 8卷 / 01期

关键词：

D O I：

10.2165/00002018-199308010-00006

中图分类号：

R1 [预防医学、卫生学];

学科分类号：

1004 ; 120402 ;

摘要：

Nicotine influences many risk factors for cardiovascular disease, peptic ulcer disease, pregnancy complications and wound healing; however, whether nicotine itself actually causes or aggravates these diseases has not been well demonstrated. The safety of nicotine preparations for smoking cessation depends on the population, formulation, route of administration, dose, and frequency and duration of use. Major adverse effects of nicotine polacrilex and transdermal nicotine are very rare. Nicotine therapy usually doubles long term abstinence rates and is especially beneficial to highly dependent smokers. Nicotine replacements produce lower nicotine concentrations than cigarettes, and no tar and carbon monoxide; thus, it is difficult to justify absolute contraindications to these products. Decisions on the use of nicotine preparations in pregnancy, coronary disease, etc., must consider not only the medical status of patients but also their likelihood of stopping smoking with and without the help of nicotine replacement.

引用

页码：49 / 56

页数：8

共 43 条

[11]

DeGrandpre R.J., Bickel W.K., Hughes J.R., Higgins S.T., Behavioral economics of drug self-administration III: reanalysis of the nicotine regulation hypothesis, Psychopharmacology, 108, pp. 1-10, (1992)

[12]

Fagerstrom K-O, Efficacy of nicotine chewing gum: a review, Nicotine replacement: a critical evaluation, pp. 109-128, (1988)

[13]

Fagerstrom K-O, Hurt R.D., Sawe U., Tonnesen P., Therapeutic use of nicotine patches: efficacy and safety, Journal of Smoking-Related Diseases, (1992)

[14]

Fagerstrom K-O, Schneider N.G., Measuring nicotine dependence: a review of the Fagerstrom tolerance questionnaire, Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 12, pp. 159-182, (1989)

[15]

Fiore M.C., Novotny T.E., Pierce J.P., Hatzeandreu E.J., Patel K.M., Et al., Trends in cigarette smoking in the United States: the changing influence of gender and race, Journal of the American Medical Association, 261, pp. 49-55, (1989)

[16]

Glassman A.H., Heizer J.E., Covey L.S., Cottier L.B., Stetner F., Et al., Smoking, smoking cessation, and major depression, Journal of the American Medical Association, 264, pp. 1546-1549, (1990)

[17]

Hajek P., Jarvis M.J., Belcher M., Sutherland G., Feyerabend C., Effect of smoke-free cigarettes on 24h cigarette withdrawal: a double-blind placebo-controlled study, Psychopharmacology, 97, pp. 99-102, (1989)

[18]

Hale K.L., Hughes J.R., Oliveto A.H., Heizer J.E., Higgins S.T., Et al., Nicotine dependence in a population-based sample, Problems of drug dependence 1992, (1992)

[19]

Hasenfratz M., Battig K., Nicotine absorption and the subjective and physiologic effects of nicotine toothpicks, Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 50, pp. 456-461, (1991)

[20]

Henningfield J.E., Woodson P.P., Behavioral and physiological aspects of nicotine dependence: the role of nicotine dose, Journal of Substance Abuse, 1, pp. 301-317, (1989)

← 1 2 3 4 5 →