REFLECTIONS ON SELF-RECOGNITION IN PRIMATES

被引:125
作者
HEYES, CM
机构
[1] Department of Psychology, University College London, London WC1E6BT, Cower Street
关键词
D O I
10.1006/anbe.1994.1123
中图分类号
B84 [心理学]; C [社会科学总论]; Q98 [人类学];
学科分类号
03 ; 0303 ; 030303 ; 04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
Evidence that apes touch head marks more in the presence of a mirror than in its absence have been taken to indicate that3 unlike monkeys, they are capable of self-recognition and have a self-concept. Both of these conclusions are challenged. First, variance in mark-touching behaviour may be due, not to mirror-presence, but to the effects of anaesthetic recovery on species with a high baseline frequency of self- directed behaviour. Second, evidence of species differences in mirror-guided body inspection could not be explained in terms of the presence or absence of a self-concept. Since monkeys can avoid colliding with objects, they must possess the only kind of self-concept necessary for mirror-guided body inspection; i.e. the capacity to discriminate feedback from other sensory input. Rather than implying a self-concept, mirror-guided body inspection involves the use of novel, displaced visual feedback to guide action. © 1993 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.
引用
收藏
页码:909 / 919
页数:11
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