IMMUNOPOTENTIATING RECONSTITUTED INFLUENZA VIROSOMES (IRIVS) AND OTHER ADJUVANTS FOR IMPROVED PRESENTATION OF SMALL ANTIGENS

被引:43
作者
GLUCK, R
机构
[1] Department of Virology, Swiss Serum and Vaccine Institute, CH-3001 Berne
关键词
ADJUVANTS; IRIV; ALUM PRECIPITATES; HEPATITIS-A VACCINE;
D O I
10.1016/0264-410X(92)90325-E
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
Synthetic peptides, purified subunits or inactivated small virus particles require immunopotentiation if they are to be effective vaccines. A large range of procedures to enhance immunogenicity has evolved over the last decades: aluminium salts, proteosomes, immunostimulating complexes (ISCOMs), liposomes, conjugation with bacterial products or derivatives, combination with surface-active agents or application of cytokines have been the most described classes of adjuvants. We describe here the design of an inactivated hepatitis A vaccine adjuvanted with immunopotentiating reconstituted influenza virosomes (IRIVs). The formalin-inactivated hepatitis A particles are attached to reconstituted protein-lipid complexes consisting of a mixture of phospholipids and influenza virus glycoproteins. With this new vaccine design we combined different immunostimulating effects: immunopotentiation by phospholipid vesicles, recognition of the haemagglutinin (HA) epitopes by the immune system, binding capacity of HA to sialic acid-containing receptors of macrophages and immunocompetent cells and mediation of entry into the cytoplasm of macrophages by a membrane-fusion event triggered by HA. Hepatitis A seronegative human volunteers received one intramuscular injection with this new vaccine. There were only few mild local reactions and 14 days after vaccination 100% of the subjects were seropositive. Among the individuals (control group) who received an alum-adsorbed vaccine, 88% developed local reactions. The seroconversion rate was 44%. We conclude from these results that the IRIVs provide a new approach to the future design of adjuvanted vaccines.
引用
收藏
页码:915 / 919
页数:5
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