THE ECOPHYSIOLOGY OF UNDER-ICE FAUNA

被引：20

作者：

AARSET, AV

机构：

[1] Department of Zoology, University of Trondheirn, Dragvoll

来源：

POLAR RESEARCH | 1991年 / 10卷 / 01期

关键词：

D O I：

10.1111/j.1751-8369.1991.tb00656.x

中图分类号：

Q14 [生态学（生物生态学）];

学科分类号：

071012 ; 0713 ;

摘要：

During exposure to low salinity, the under-ice amphipods Gammarus wilkitzkii and Onisimus glacialis appeared as euryhaline osmoregulators, displaying regulation of haemolymph concentrations of sodium and chloride. Free amino acids took part in the regulation. During freezing and brine formation, thc amphipods were freeze-sensitive and did not tolerate being frozen into solid ice. However, they could stay in the vicinity of the ice, conforming osmotically to the ambient brine and thus lowering the melting point of the amphipods' body fluids. This prevented internal ice formation in the absence of antifreeze agents (THF) in the haemolymph. When G. wilkitzkii, O. glacialis and Apherusa glacialis were exposed to dilute seawater, elevated rates of oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion were observed. The O:N atomic ratio was kept nearly constant during hyposmotic stress, indicating protein/lipids as metabolic substrate. Rates of oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion increased with increasing osmotic differences between the haemolymph and the medium, indicating higher energy requirements for osmotic and ionic regulation at low salinities. A minor decrease in haemolymph sodium concentrations coincided with thc increased ammonia output during hyposmotic stress, indicating a possible counter ion regulation of NH4+ and Na+. An increased rate of oxygen consumption, ammonia excretion and O:N ratio versus temperature was observed for all species.

引用

页码：309 / 324

页数：16

共 105 条

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