CONDUCTING POLYMER-BASED AMPEROMETRIC ENZYME ELECTRODES - TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT OF MINIATURIZED REAGENTLESS BIOSENSORS

The development of reagentless enzyme electrodes implies the covalent binding of enzymes and redox mediators on the sensor surface to prevent contamination of the sample by sensor components. Additionally, miniaturization and mass production of enzyme electrodes require techniques for biosensor assembling avoiding manual deposition procedures. The electrochemical deposition of conducting polymer layers, e.g., polypyrrole, occurs at the surface of an electrode independent of its size and form. After the functionalization of conducting polymer films, electrode surfaces can be obtained which are suitable for the binding of enzymes or redox mediators. New reagentless enzyme electrodes can be obtained by electrochemical copolymerization of [Os(2,2'-bipyridine)2(3-{pyrrol-1-ylmethyl}pyridine)Cl]+, N-methylpyrrole and pyrrole-modified glucose oxidase leading to ternary copolymers simultaneously integrating redox relays and enzyme activity.