High Stakes in the Classroom, High Stakes on the Street: The Effects of Community Violence on Students' Standardized Test Performance

被引：114

作者：

Sharkey, Patrick ^{[1
]}

Schwartz, Amy Ellen ^{[2
]}

Ellen, Ingrid Gould ^{[2
]}

Lacoe, Johanna ^{[3
]}

机构：

[1] NYU, Dept Sociol, New York, NY 10003 USA

[2] NYU, Robert F Wagner Sch Publ Serv, New York, NY 10003 USA

[3] Univ Southern Calif, Price Sch Publ Policy, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA

来源：

SOCIOLOGICAL SCIENCE | 2014年 / 1卷

关键词：

community violence; neighborhood effects; academic performance; racial disparities; school settings;

D O I：

10.15195/v1.a14

中图分类号：

C91 [社会学];

学科分类号：

030301 ; 1204 ;

摘要：

This article examines the effect of exposure to violent crime on students' standardized test performance among a sample of students in New York City public schools. To identify the effect of exposure to community violence on children's test scores, we compare students exposed to an incident of violent crime on their own blockface in the week prior to the exam to students exposed in the week after the exam. The results show that such exposure to violent crime reduces performance on English language arts assessments and has no effect on math scores. The effect of exposure to violent crime is most pronounced among African Americans and reduces the passing rates of black students by approximately 3 percentage points.

引用

页码：199 / 220

页数：22

共 38 条

[11] Counterfactual models of neighborhood effects: The effect of neighborhood poverty on dropping out and teenage pregnancy [J].