税收激励如何影响企业创新?——来自固定资产加速折旧政策的经验证据

被引:59
作者
林志帆
刘诗源
机构
[1] 清华大学经济管理学院
基金
中国博士后科学基金;
关键词
税收激励; 固定资产加速折旧政策; 研发创新;
D O I
10.19343/j.cnki.11-1302/c.2022.01.007
中图分类号
F832.51 []; F273.1 [企业技术管理]; F812.42 [税收];
学科分类号
摘要
本文借助财税[2014]75号、[2015]106号文件推出固定资产加速折旧政策这一"准自然实验"来识别税收激励与企业创新的因果关系。利用我国上市公司2010—2017年的专利申请、终止、引用信息和财务报表数据,基于双重差分模型回归发现:数量维度上,固定资产加速折旧政策显著增加了企业研发投入和专利申请量;质量维度上,高创新含量的发明申请增长幅度大于"短平快"的实用新型和外观设计专利申请,企业专利结构改善。固定资产加速折旧政策还显著减少了授权专利的未到期终止数量、提高了发明申请的平均被引次数。拓展检验显示,该政策显著提升了处理组企业的盈利绩效与资本市场价值,且对民营企业(融资约束较重)与高资本密集度行业(加速折旧的潜在收益较大)的激励更大。研究结论表明,减税降费能够激励企业创新"提质增效"、助推我国经济高质量发展。
引用
收藏
页码:91 / 105
页数:15
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