What is the role of nitric oxide in murine and human host defense against tuberculosis? Current knowledge

被引:188
作者
Chan, ED
Chan, J
Schluger, NW
机构
[1] Natl Jewish Med & Res Ctr, Dept Med, Denver, CO 80206 USA
[2] Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Pulm Sci & Crit Care Med, Denver, CO USA
[3] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Med, Bronx, NY USA
[4] Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, New York, NY 10032 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1165/ajrcmb.25.5.4487
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
The production of reactive oxygen intermediates and reactive nitrogen intermediates by innate immune cells is considered to be an effective host-defense mechanism against microbial pathogens. In the murine model of tuberculosis (TB), nitric oxide (NO) plays an essential role in the killing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by mononuclear phagocytes. For example, in the mouse strain with a genetic disruption for inducible NO synthase (iNOS-/-), infection with M. tuberculosis is associated with a significantly higher risk of dissemination and mortality. Although more controversial in humans, there is a growing body of evidence that NO produced by TB-infected macrophages and by epithelial cells also has antimycobacterial effects against M. tuberculosis. The precise mechanism(s) by which NO and other reactive nitrogen species antagonize M. tuberculosis is not known, but may involve disruption of bacterial DNA, proteins, signaling, and/or induction of apoptosis of macrophages that harbor mycobacteria. In addition to cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 1-beta, mycobacterial cell wall components such as lipoarabinomannan and 19 kD lipoprotein, along with the T-cell-derived interferon-gamma, may also induce NO expression. In a Darwinian fashion, it also appears that certain strains of M. tuberculosis have evolved strategies to combat the toxic effects of NO.
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页码:606 / 612
页数:7
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