Method for the rapid headspace analysis of mango (Mangifera indica L) homogenate volatile constituents and factors affecting quantitative results

A rapid GC method was developed to analyze the headspace composition of cultivar Kent, Keitt, and Tommy Atkins mango homogenates. Factors affecting quantitative results were also studied. Of the 13 volatile compounds identified, 9 were terpene hydrocarbons: alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, 3-carene, myrcene, limonene, p-cymene, terpinolene, alpha-copaene, and caryophyllene. Volatile concentrations were quantified using peak height calibration curves (peak height vs concentration). Linear relationships were derived for all compounds except caryophyllene. Rate of peak height increase was slower at caryophyllene levels <2 ppm than at those greater than or equal to 2 ppm. Volatile levels increased as homogenate was diluted with up to 56% water. Addition of CaCl2 during blending, to inhibit degradative enzymes, induced gelation, which resulted in decreased volatile concentrations in the headspace. Sonicating gelled homogenate resulted :in partial liquefaction and an increase in headspace volatiles. These results indicate that significant interactions between mango pulp and volatile compounds occur and, depending on sample preparation method, can affect quantitative results.