The 1-1-1 fallacy

被引:32
作者
Crotty, Shane [1 ]
机构
[1] La Jolla Inst Allergy & Immunol LIAI, Div Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
关键词
germinal centers; plasma cells; CD4+T-cell differentiation; IL-21; Maf; vaccines; FOLLICULAR HELPER-CELL; CENTER B-CELL; FACTOR C-MAF; FACTOR BATF CONTROLS; CD4(+) T-CELLS; GERMINAL-CENTER; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; IN-VIVO; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; MYELOID-LEUKEMIA;
D O I
10.1111/j.1600-065X.2012.01117.x
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
T-cell help to B cells is a fundamental aspect of adaptive immunity and the generation of B-cell memory (memory B cells and plasma cells). Follicular helper CD4+ T (Tfh) cells are the specialized providers of B-cell help, and Tfh cells depend on Bcl6 for their differentiation. This review discusses Tfh cell functions, transcription factors, and induction signals, with particular focus on the richness of the underlying biology and assessing the simplicity or complexity of each of these processes.
引用
收藏
页码:133 / 142
页数:10
相关论文
共 109 条
[61]   IL-21 acts directly on B cells to regulate Bcl-6 expression and germinal center responses [J].
Linterman, Michelle A. ;
Beaton, Laura ;
Yu, Di ;
Ramiscal, Roybel R. ;
Srivastava, Monika ;
Hogan, Jennifer J. ;
Verma, Naresh K. ;
Smyth, Mark J. ;
Rigby, Robert J. ;
Vinuesa, Carola G. .
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE, 2010, 207 (02) :353-363
[62]   MECHANISM OF ANTIGEN-DRIVEN SELECTION IN GERMINAL-CENTERS [J].
LIU, YJ ;
JOSHUA, DE ;
WILLIAMS, GT ;
SMITH, CA ;
GORDON, J ;
MACLENNAN, ICM .
NATURE, 1989, 342 (6252) :929-931
[63]   Functional and Epigenetic Studies Reveal Multistep Differentiation and Plasticity of In Vitro-Generated and In Vivo-Derived Follicular T Helper Cells [J].
Lu, Kristina T. ;
Kanno, Yuka ;
Cannons, Jennifer L. ;
Handon, Robin ;
Bible, Paul ;
Elkahloun, Abdel G. ;
Anderson, Stacie M. ;
Wei, Lai ;
Sun, Hongwei ;
O'Shea, John J. ;
Schwartzberg, Pamela L. .
IMMUNITY, 2011, 35 (04) :622-632
[64]   Functional STAT3 deficiency compromises the generation of human T follicular helper cells [J].
Ma, Cindy S. ;
Avery, Danielle T. ;
Chan, Anna ;
Batten, Marcel ;
Bustamante, Jacinta ;
Boisson-Dupuis, Stephanie ;
Arkwright, Peter D. ;
Kreins, Alexandra Y. ;
Averbuch, Diana ;
Engelhard, Dan ;
Magdorf, Klaus ;
Kilic, Sara S. ;
Minegishi, Yoshiyuki ;
Nonoyama, Shigeaki ;
French, Martyn A. ;
Choo, Sharon ;
Smart, Joanne M. ;
Peake, Jane ;
Wong, Melanie ;
Gray, Paul ;
Cook, Matthew C. ;
Fulcher, David A. ;
Casanova, Jean-Laurent ;
Deenick, Elissa K. ;
Tangye, Stuart G. .
BLOOD, 2012, 119 (17) :3997-4008
[65]   Protein Kinase B Controls Transcriptional Programs that Direct Cytotoxic T Cell Fate but Is Dispensable for T Cell Metabolism [J].
Macintyre, Andrew N. ;
Finlay, David ;
Preston, Gavin ;
Sinclair, Linda V. ;
Waugh, Caryll M. ;
Tamas, Peter ;
Feijoo, Carmen ;
Okkenhaug, Klaus ;
Cantrell, Doreen A. .
IMMUNITY, 2011, 34 (02) :224-236
[66]   Plasticity of Human Regulatory T Cells in Healthy Subjects and Patients with Type 1 Diabetes [J].
McClymont, Stephanie A. ;
Putnam, Amy L. ;
Lee, Michael R. ;
Esensten, Jonathan H. ;
Liu, Weihong ;
Hulme, Maigan A. ;
Hoffmueller, Ulrich ;
Baron, Udo ;
Olek, Sven ;
Bluestone, Jeffrey A. ;
Brusko, Todd M. .
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY, 2011, 186 (07) :3918-3926
[67]   CtBP is an essential corepressor for BCL6 autoregulation [J].
Mendez, Lourdes M. ;
Polo, Jose M. ;
Yu, J. Jessica ;
Krupski, Melissa ;
Ding, B. Belinda ;
Melnick, Ari ;
Ye, B. Hilda .
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY, 2008, 28 (07) :2175-2186
[68]   Comprehensive identification of human bZIP interactions with coiled-coil arrays [J].
Newman, JRS ;
Keating, AE .
SCIENCE, 2003, 300 (5628) :2097-2101
[69]   A parallel circuit of LIF signalling pathways maintains pluripotency of mouse ES cells [J].
Niwa, Hitoshi ;
Ogawa, Kazuya ;
Shimosato, Daisuke ;
Adachi, Kenjiro .
NATURE, 2009, 460 (7251) :118-122
[70]   Understanding how leading bacterial pathogens subvert innate immunity to reveal novel therapeutic targets [J].
Nizet, Victor .
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY, 2007, 120 (01) :13-22