Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms: Mechanisms of Immune Evasion

被引:132
作者
Alhede, Maria [1 ]
Bjarnsholt, Thomas [1 ,2 ]
Givskov, Michael [1 ,3 ]
Alhede, Morten [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Int Hlth Immunol & Microbiol, Costerton Biofilm Ctr, Copenhagen, Denmark
[2] Rigshosp, Dept Clin Microbiol, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
[3] Nanyang Technol Univ, Singapore Ctr Environm Life Sci Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore
来源
ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY, VOL 86 | 2014年 / 86卷
关键词
QUORUM-SENSING INHIBITORS; CYSTIC-FIBROSIS GENE; AMBULATORY PERITONEAL-DIALYSIS; BACTERIAL BIOFILMS; POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES; EXTRACELLULAR DNA; LUNG INFECTIONS; INNATE IMMUNITY; YOUNG-CHILDREN; CHANGING EPIDEMIOLOGY;
D O I
10.1016/B978-0-12-800262-9.00001-9
中图分类号
Q81 [生物工程学(生物技术)]; Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 0836 ; 090102 ; 100705 ;
摘要
The opportunistic gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa is implicated in many chronic infections and is readily isolated from chronic wounds, medical devices, and the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients. P. aeruginosa is believed to persist in the host organism due to its capacity to form biofilms, which protect the aggregated, biopolymer-embedded bacteria from the detrimental actions of antibiotic treatments and host immunity. A key component in the protection against innate immunity is rhamnolipid, which is a quorum sensing (QS)-regulated virulence factor. QS is a cell-to-cell signaling mechanism used to coordinate expression of virulence and protection of aggregated biofilm cells. Rhamnolipids are known for their ability to cause hemolysis and have been shown to cause lysis of several cellular components of the human immune system, for example, macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). In this chapter, the interplay between P. aeruginosa and the PMNs in chronic infections is discussed with focus on the role of rhamnolipids and extracellular DNA.
引用
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页码:1 / 40
页数:40
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