[1] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Med, Dept Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA
[2] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA
[3] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Int Hlth, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA
[4] Univ Lusaka, Teaching Hosp, Dept Pathol & Microbiol, Lusaka, Zambia
[5] Trop Dis Res Ctr, Ndola, Zambia