CRISPR Interference Can Prevent Natural Transformation and Virulence Acquisition during In Vivo Bacterial Infection

被引:256
作者
Bikard, David [1 ]
Hatoum-Aslan, Asma [1 ]
Mucida, Daniel [2 ]
Marraffini, Luciano A. [1 ]
机构
[1] Rockefeller Univ, Bacteriol Lab, New York, NY 10065 USA
[2] Rockefeller Univ, Lab Mucosal Immunol, New York, NY 10065 USA
关键词
STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; GENETIC-TRANSFORMATION; PNEUMOCOCCAL TYPES; DNA ELEMENTS; CAS SYSTEMS; RNA; PROKARYOTES; COMPETENCE; INDUCTION; EVOLUTION;
D O I
10.1016/j.chom.2012.06.003
中图分类号
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 100705 ;
摘要
Pathogenic bacterial strains emerge largely due to transfer of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes between bacteria, a process known as horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) loci of bacteria and archaea encode a sequence-specific defense mechanism against bacteriophages and constitute a programmable barrier to HGT. However, the impact of CRISPRs on the emergence of virulence is unknown. We programmed the human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae with CRISPR sequences that target capsule genes, an essential pneumococcal virulence factor, and show that CRISPR interference can prevent transformation of nonencapsulated, avirulent pneumococci into capsulated, virulent strains during infection in mice. Further, at low frequencies bacteria can lose CRISPR function, acquire capsule genes, and mount a successful infection. These results demonstrate that CRISPR interference can prevent the emergence of virulence in vivo and that strong selective pressure for virulence or antibiotic resistance can lead to CRISPR loss in bacterial pathogens.
引用
收藏
页码:177 / 186
页数:10
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