Planetary boundaries: Guiding human development on a changing planet

被引：6535

作者：

Steffen, Will ^{[1
,2
]}

Richardson, Katherine ^{[3
]}

Rockstrom, Johan ^{[1
]}

Cornell, Sarah E. ^{[1
]}

Fetzer, Ingo ^{[1
]}

Bennett, Elena M. ^{[4
,5
]}

Biggs, Reinette ^{[1
,6
]}

Carpenter, Stephen R. ^{[7
]}

de Vries, Wim ^{[8
,9
]}

de Wit, Cynthia A. ^{[10
]}

Folke, Carl ^{[1
,11
]}

Gerten, Dieter ^{[12
]}

Heinke, Jens ^{[12
,13
,14
]}

Mace, Georgina M. ^{[15
]}

Persson, Linn M. ^{[16
]}

Ramanathan, Veerabhadran ^{[17
,18
]}

Reyers, Belinda ^{[1
,19
]}

Sorlin, Sverker ^{[20
]}

机构：

[1] Stockholm Univ, Stockholm Resilience Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden

[2] Australian Natl Univ, Fenner Sch Environm & Soc, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia

[3] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr Macroecol Evolut & Climate, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark

[4] McGill Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ H9X 3V9, Canada

[5] McGill Univ, McGill Sch Environm, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ H9X 3V9, Canada

[6] Univ Stellenbosch, Ctr Studies Complex, ZA-7602 Stellenbosch, South Africa

[7] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Limnol, Madison, WI 53706 USA

[8] Alterra Wageningen Univ & Res Ctr, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands

[9] Wageningen Univ, Environm Syst Anal Grp, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands

[10] Stockholm Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Analyt Chem, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden

[11] Royal Swedish Acad Sci, Beijer Inst Ecol Econ, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden

[12] Potsdam Inst Climate Impact Res PIK, Res Domain Earth Syst Anal, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany

[13] Int Livestock Res Inst, Nairobi 00100, Kenya

[14] CSIRO, St Lucia, Qld 4067, Australia

[15] UCL, CBER, Dept Genet Evolut & Environm, London WC1E 6BT, England

[16] Stockholm Environm Inst, SE-10451 Stockholm, Sweden

[17] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA

[18] TERI Energy & Resources Inst Univ, Delhi 110070, India

[19] CSIR, ZA-7599 Stellenbosch, South Africa

[20] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Div Hist Sci Technol & Environm, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden

来源：

SCIENCE | 2015年 / 347卷 / 6223期

基金：

瑞典研究理事会; 美国国家科学基金会; 加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;

关键词：

EARLY-WARNING SIGNALS; SAFE OPERATING SPACE; FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY; NITROGEN; CLIMATE; WATER; SUSTAINABILITY; RESILIENCE; ECOSYSTEMS; CHEMICALS;

D O I：

10.1126/science.1259855

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

The planetary boundaries framework defines a safe operating space for humanity based on the intrinsic biophysical processes that regulate the stability of the Earth system. Here, we revise and update the planetary boundary framework, with a focus on the underpinning biophysical science, based on targeted input from expert research communities and on more general scientific advances over the past 5 years. Several of the boundaries now have a two-tier approach, reflecting the importance of cross-scale interactions and the regional-level heterogeneity of the processes that underpin the boundaries. Two core boundaries-climate change and biosphere integrity-have been identified, each of which has the potential on its own to drive the Earth system into a new state should they be substantially and persistently transgressed.

引用

页数：11

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